The Influence Of Push Up Training On Upper Passing Ability In Volleyball Games

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of push-up training on overhead passing ability in volleyball among students of the Sports Coaching Education Study Program, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar. The background of this research is based on the importance of overhead passing as a fundamental volleyball technique that requires coordination, arm strength, shoulder stability, wrist control, and accurate ball direction. In practice, many students still show weaknesses in performing overhead passing, particularly in producing stable and controlled ball movements. Therefore, push-up training was applied as a simple physical conditioning method to strengthen the upper-body muscles involved in overhead passing performance. This research used a quantitative experimental method with a one-group pretest–posttest design. The population consisted of 15 male PKO FIKK UNM students, and all participants were selected through purposive sampling based on predetermined criteria. The research instrument was an overhead passing ability test administered before and after the push-up training treatment. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality testing, and a paired-sample t-test. The results showed that the pretest mean score was 24.9333, with a total score of 374.00 and a standard deviation of 2.05171. After treatment, the posttest mean score increased to 39.4000, with a total score of 591.00 and a standard deviation of 1.40408. The hypothesis test showed that the observed t-value was 67.197, higher than the t-table value of 2.145, with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. Therefore, push-up training had a significant effect on improving overhead passing ability in volleyball among PKO FIKK UNM students.