The Effect Of Dumbbell Over Head Exercises On Smash Hit Ability In Badminton Games In Students Of Vocational School 6 Makassar

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of dumbbell overhead training on badminton smash ability among students of SMKN 6 Makassar. The background of this study is based on the fact that badminton smash is an offensive stroke requiring arm strength, shoulder stability, wrist control, explosive power, and coordinated overhead movement. In school-based badminton activities, students often experience difficulty producing powerful and accurate smash strokes because their upper-limb strength and technical execution are still limited. This study used a quantitative experimental method with a control group pre-test–post-test design. The population consisted of 40 male students who actively participated in badminton extracurricular activities at SMKN 6 Makassar. The sample was divided into two groups: an experimental group receiving dumbbell overhead training and a control group receiving regular training without specific dumbbell overhead exercises. Data were collected using a badminton smash ability test and analyzed through descriptive statistics, normality test, homogeneity test, paired sample t-test, and independent sample t-test. The results showed that the experimental group improved from a pre-test mean score of 10.70 to a post-test mean score of 16.80, with a mean difference of 6.10 points. The paired sample t-test showed t = 22.031 and p = 0.000 < 0.05. The control group improved from 10.70 to 12.90, with a mean difference of 2.20 points. The independent sample t-test showed a significant post-test difference between groups, with t = 3.847 and p = 0.000 < 0.05. It can be concluded that dumbbell overhead training significantly improves badminton smash ability and is more effective than regular training alone.